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From the Kingdom of Sardinia to the present

From 1718 until 1861 (the birth of the modern state Italy) Sardinia together with Piedmont formed the Kingdom of Sardinia. The development of the infrastructure went very slow compared to the rest of Italy. It only started off with the construction of the main road under Carlo Felice (Charles Felix), the state road that still carries his name and in 1883 when the first railway connected Cagliari with Sassari, the two main cities of the island. After World War I, under Mussolini, the swamps and ponds on the west-coast were drained and the most succesful agricultural community on Sardinia was founded, Arborea (called initially Mussolinia).Coalmining was developed and Mussolini founded the town of Carbonia, called after the coalmining industry (in italian carbone). After World War II the importance of coalmining declined dramatically with the advent of oil and gas. Many attempts to create an industrial basis for the region did not succeed very well because of the high costs of transportation that could not compensate the cheaper

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History of Sardinia

Archaeological evidence of prehistoric human settlement on the island of Sardinia is present in the form of nuraghes and other prehistoric monuments, which dot the land. The recorded history of Sardinia begins with its contacts with the various people who sought to dominate western Mediterranean trade in classical antiquity: Phoenicians, Punics and Romans. Initially under the political and economic alliance with the Phoenician cities, it was partly conquered by Carthage in the late 6th century BC and then entirely by Rome after the First Punic War (230 BC). The island was included for centuries in the Roman province of Sardinia and Corsica, which would be incorporated into the diocese of Italia suburbicaria in 3rd and 7th centuries.

In the Early Middle Ages, through the European barbarian movements, the waning of the Byzantine Empire influence in the western Mediterranean and the Saracen raids, the island fell out of the sphere of influence of any higher government; this led to the birth of four independent kingdoms called Judicates (Latin: Judica

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Benito Mussolini

Dictator of Fascist Italy from 1922 to 1943

"Mussolini" redirects here. For other people named Mussolini, see Mussolini family.

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini^[a] (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who was the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his overthrow in 1943. He was also Duce of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919, until his summary execution in 1945. He founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF). As a dictator and founder of fascism, Mussolini inspired the international spread of fascist movements during the interwar period.^[1]

Mussolini was originally a socialist politician and journalist at the Avanti! newspaper. In 1912, he became a member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), but was expelled for advocating military intervention in World War I. In 1914, Mussolini founded a newspaper, Il Popolo d'Italia, and served in the Royal Italian Army until he was wounded an