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MACKENZIE (McKenzie), IAN ALISTAIR (named at birth John Alexander), translator, author, lawyer, militia officer, army officer, and politician; b. 27 July 1890 in Culkein Stoer, Sutherland, Scotland, son of George Mckenzie and Anne MacRae; m. 10 Sept. 1947 Helen Mary MacRae in Ottawa; they had no children; d. 2 Sept. 1949 in Banff, Alta.

Ian Alistair Mackenzie was a descendant of Highland crofter folk and made much of that fact throughout his life. His father fished and raised livestock in the remote northwest parish of Assynt. The family spoke Gaelic, and Ian, his parents, and his 11 siblings, 10 of whom reached adulthood, subsisted mainly on porridge, herring, and potatoes, with meat served only on Sundays after church. Mackenzie remembered well stories of the harsh eviction of one of his grandmothers. As he recounted, he was brought up on “teetotalism, Presbyterianism and Liberalism.” A predilection for alcohol, however, would eventually blight his career, but the influences of religion and radicalism remained strong.

Benefiting

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Alister MacKenzie

Scottish golf course architect

This article is about the golf course architect. For other persons with similar names, see Alistair Mackenzie (disambiguation).

Alister MacKenzie (30 August 1870 – 6 January 1934) was an English golf course architect whose course designs span four continents. Originally trained as a surgeon, MacKenzie served as a civilian physician with the British Army during the Boer War where he first became aware of the principles of camouflage. During the First World War, MacKenzie made his own significant contributions to military camouflage, which he saw as closely related to golf course design.^[1]

MacKenzie is amongst the most famous golf architects in history.^[2] He is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame and designed more than 50 golf courses, including three that remain in Golf Digest's 2022 Top 10 golf courses in the world: Augusta National Golf Club and Cypress Point Club in the US, and Royal Melbourne Golf Club (West Course) in Australia.^[3]

Early years and education

MacKenzie was bo

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Alister MacKenzie: The Good Doctor

Design principles

Unlike many of his contemporaries in golf course architecture, MacKenzie was not an elite player. This likely served him well, giving him real insight into how to create interest and playability for the average golfer. His most important inspiration was the Old Course at St. Andrews, which he considered the gold standard of golf course design. What stood out most to him about St. Andrews was its naturalness, strategic complexity, and capacity to “give the greatest pleasure to the greatest number.”

So what are MacKenzie’s design principles? Thankfully, he set them down himself in a handful of digestible bullet points. MacKenzie’s “13 principles” are famous and have been published in numerous places, including his books Golf Architecture and The Spirit of St. Andrews.

The course, where possible, should be arranged in two loops of nine holes.
There should be a large proportion of good two-shot holes, and at least four one-shot holes.
There should be little walking between the greens an