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Pierre Charles L’Enfant

Biography written by Lauren Bordeaux

Pierre (Peter) Charles L’Enfant (1754-1825) was an American Revolutionary War veteran and Franco-American engineer. L’Enfant designed and constructed buildings during and after the Revolutionary War; however, he is best known for his design of the Federal City, which became Washington, D.C. His plan had no equivalent in the new United States, incorporating elements of European cities and a layout that placed the Capitol Building at the heart of the metropolis. Unfortunately, L’Enfant clashed with other officials, leading to his resignation before construction of the Federal City had hardly begun. He died in poverty, and his vision for the federal district did not come to fruition until the McMillan Commission—a group of architects and planners appointed by the U.S. Senate–salvaged his plan at the turn of the twentieth century.

L’Enfant was born in Paris on August 2, 1754 to an aristocratic family in the French Court. His father was an artist, under whom L’Enfant studied at the Royal Academy of Paintin

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Pierre L'Enfant (painter)

French painter (1704–1787)

This article is about the 18th-century French painter. For his son, see Pierre Charles L'Enfant.

Pierre L'Enfant (August 26, 1704 – June 23, 1787) was an 18th-century French artist who was known for his battle scene paintings in the court of Louis XV. He was also an instructor at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture and the father of Pierre Charles, who designed the urban plan for Washington, D.C.

Biography

L'Enfant was born in Anet on August 26, 1704. After studying under Charles Parrocel, he was admitted as an adémicien to the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in 1745. His specialties were battle scenes and landscapes; his most famous of his paintings were those depicting the War of the Austrian Succession, especially a series of panoramas tracing the war in the Low Countries between 1744 and 1748.

He married Marie Charlotte Luillier, the daughter of a French military officer. Together, they had three children: Pierre Joseph (1752–1758) and Pierre Charles (1754–1825) and a daughter. L'En

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Pierre-Charles L'Enfant

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Engineer, b. in France, August, 1755; d. near Bladensburg, Maryland, U.S.A. 14 June, 1825. He was educated as an engineer and joined Lafayette as a volunteer to help the revolted American colonists in 1777. Appointed a captain of engineers on 18 Feb., 1778, and brevet major on 2 May, 1783, in Washington's army, he did valiant service during the Revolutionary War. At its close he remodelled the old City Hall in New York for the meeting of the First Congress, and later arranged the Federal Hall in Philadelphia. When the site for the Federal city was finally adopted, he spent much of his time during the year 1791 considering a plan for the new city, which he finally drew up with the title: "Plan of the City, intended for the Permanent Seat of the Government of the United States. Projected agreeable to the direction of the President of the Uni